Tenses
Perubahan bentuk kata kerja menurut waktu terjadinya pekerjaan tersebut.
1. Simple Present
Fungsi :
Digunkan untuk menyatakan sesuatu Kegiatan yang terjadi sehari-hari atau menyatakan kebiasaan.
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan :
Every day : setiap hari Every week : Setiap minggu Always : Selalu Once a week : Seminggu 1 kali Twice a week : Seminggu 2 kali Three times a week : Seminggu 3 kaliContoh kalimat :
+ = Mother cooks in the morning/You cook in the morning
- = Mother does not cook in the morning/You do not cook in the
Morning.
? = Does mother cook in the morning/Do you cook in the morning
Forms :
+ = S + V1 + s/es untuk subyek tunggal.
- = S + Do/does + V1
? = Do/does + S + V1
2. Simple Past
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang telah selesai pada waktu lampau (waktunya jelas. Contoh : kemarin, 1 minggu yang lalu , DSb)
Contoh kalimat :
+ = I studied English at YASPA last Monday
- = I did not study English at YASPA last Monday
? = Did you study English at YASPA last monday
Forms :
+ = S + V2
- = S + did + not + V1
? = Did + S + V1
Informative Questions/Pertanyaan yang mengandung informasi :
Forms : Question Word + did + S + V1
Steatment :
He Studied English at YASPA last Monday Questions : a). What did he do work last monday?
b). What did he study at YASPA last monday?
c). Where did he study?
d). When did he study English at YASPA?
Note :
Simple past menggunakan V2
3. Simple Future
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang.
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan :
· Tonight
· Today
· Tomorrow Morning
· Next Month
· Next Year
Contoh Kalimat :
+ = I will get up at 05.00 a.m. tomorrow
- = I will not get up at 05.00 a.m. tomorrow
? = Wioll you get up at 05.00 a.m. tomorrow
Forms :
+ = S + will + V1
- = S + will + not + V1
? = Will + S + V1
4. Present Progressive
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuki menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung sekarang juga.
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan :
· Now
· Right Now
· At the morning
· Today
Contoh Kalimat :
Is :
+ = Mother is cooking/Mother is cooking now
- = Mother is not cooking/Mother is cooking now
? = Is mother cooking now/is mother cooking now
Are :
+ = They are cooking now
- = They are not cooking now
? = Are they cooking now?
Am :
+ = I am cooking now
- = I am not cooking now
? = Am I cooking now?
Forms :
+ : S + be + V + ing
- : S + be + not + V + ing
? : be + S + v + ing
5. Present Perfect
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan sudah dikerjakan / belum dikerjakan waktunya tidak penting untuk diketahui
Contoh Kalimat :
+ = Father has eaten breakfast
- = Father has not eaten breakfast
? = Has father eaten breakfast
Forms :
+ = S + have/has + V3
- = S + have/has + not + V3
? = Have/has + S + V3
Latihan 1 :
· Ibu telah mangirim sebuah sms ke paman saya di lampung.
- Mother has sent an sms for my uncle in Lampung
Note : “S” dalam B.Inggris dianggap Vokal
Latihan 2 :
· Ibumu telah masak apa hari ini?
- What has your mother cooked today?
Note :
Present Perfect menggunakan V3
6. Present Perfect Progressive
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang dari masa lampau dan masih sedang berlangsung (kegiatan belum selesai)
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan :
· Since = Menyatakan sejak dimulainya suatu pekerjaan
· For = Menyataka sudah berapa lama kegiatan itu berlangsung
Contoh Kalimat :
Have :
+ = You have been sitting in 6the class since 3.0 p.m/for 30
Minutes
- = You have not been sitting in the claas for 30 minutes
? = Have you been sitting in the class for 30 minutes?
Has :
+ = Father has been watching TV for 2 hours
- = Father has not been watching TV for 2 hours
? = Has father been watching TV for 2 hours?
Forms :
+ = S + have/has + been + V + ing
- = S + have/has + not + been + V + ing
? = Have/has + S + been + V + ing
Notes :
Jika 1=hour
2=hours
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